1. Program origin and workpiece coordinate system

The program origin (Pmgr.m Or.gin) is represented by W, which is the geometric reference point defined by the programmer on the workpiece during the CNC programming process, and is sometimes called the workpiece origin (Part Origin).
The origin of the workpiece is generally selected at a reference position that is convenient for measurement or tool setting, and at the same time, it is convenient for programming and calculation. Pay attention to the following points when selecting the position of the workpiece origin.

• 1) The origin of the workpiece should be selected on the dimension datum of the part pattern, so as to facilitate the calculation of the coordinate value and make the programming simple.
  2) Try to choose the machined surface with higher precision to improve the machining accuracy of the machined parts.
  3) For symmetrical parts, the origin of the workpiece is generally set on the center of symmetry.
  4) For general parts, the origin of the workpiece is usually set at a corner of the outer contour of the piece.
  5) When the origin of the workpiece is in the Z-axis direction, it is generally set on the surface of the workpiece.
  When programming, generally select a certain point on the workpiece as the program origin, and use this origin as the origin to establish a new coordinate system, that is, the T-piece coordinate system (programming coordinate system). Determine the position of the starting point of the tool relative to the origin of the workpiece coordinate system.

2. Clamp the original electric clamp origin

It is often used in CNC machine tools or T centers with rotary or oscillating worktables. It is generally a fixed point on the T table of the machine tool, such as the rotary center. The offset between the clamping origin and the reference point of the machine tool can be stored in the origin offset register (Or.E, n Offset Register) of the CNC system after the measurement, for the calculation of the origin offset of the CNC system.

3. Additional motion coordinates

Generally, X, Y, z are called the main coordinates or the first coordinates. If there are second or third sets of coordinates parallel to the first coordinates, they are designated as U, v, W and P, Q, R, respectively. That is, additional motion coordinates.
4. Relationship between machine tool coordinate system and workpiece coordinate system
The relationship between the machine tool coordinate system and the T-piece coordinate system. The X, Y, Z coordinate system is the machine tool coordinate system, and the X, Y’, Z’ coordinate system is the lower part coordinate system.

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